PERSONALIZED CANCER TREATMENT: THE PROMISE OF GENOMIC PROFILING

Abstract

Individual cancer care is fast taking over cancer treatment because it focuses on the internal genetic expression of someone by using personalized cancer care so that the treatment is designed to match the genetic expression of an individual. High-throughput technologies and various technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) allow profiling the impacts to the genome of tumors, which is essential to designing targeted treatment. This article discusses the implications of genomic profiling in personalized cancer therapy and highlights how it can transform the efficacy of treatment, decrease the range of side effects and how it can improve the precision of therapy.Genomic profiling technologies that may be used in the methodology include NGS, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), whole-exome sequencing (WES), and liquid biopsies, as well as bioinformatics analysis, data processing, alignment, variant calling, and annotation. Machine learning and artificial intelligence are becoming common in analyzing complex genomic data to discover biomarkers, match treatment and predict disease progression.The findings of the study show the usefulness of the genomic profile in personalizing cancer treatment as the data show that there is a wide range in the prevalence with the genomic sequence and the response to the treatment and the results show that there is a big importance of molecular sub-typing in different cancer types and different patients. Liquid biopsies also have the potential to be used to monitor and detect resistance mutations in a non-invasive nature that identifies dynamic treatment approaches of disease. Genetic change such as tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) is recognized as a predictive biomarker of immunotherapy. The economics of the genomic testing, especially the high-throughput tools cost, is also taken into account.As it can be concluded, the individualized treatment of cancer which is humanized based upon a genomic profile is a paradigm-shift in cancer treatment. With the aid of expensive sequencing technologies and highly complex bioinformatics, this method has considerable potential to streamline therapeutic approaches, improve patient outcomes, and allow more personal and flexible treatment of cancer, though new challenges persist to deal with the cost and assimilation of data.