Cognitive Rehabilitation Strategies in Post-Stroke Patients: A Neuropsychological Evaluation

Abstract

Stroke typically results into long-lasting cognitive deficits which prevent functional recovery; however, the optimal combination of rehabilitation approaches remains a clinical research question to be answered.  The efficacy of structured cognitive rehabilitation program in post stroke patients was evaluated in this study using a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation strategy.  The pre-post evaluation design involved a specific, domain based training of attention, memory, executive functions and visuospatial skills of the participants, and a compensatory strategy training and caregiver supported home practice.  At the start of the therapy and on the end, neuropsychological tests and the functional indices were gathered.  The findings indicated that there were significant improvements in general cognitive functioning with the most consistent improvement being seen in executive functioning and attention followed by improvements in working memory and delayed recollection.  People were also better able to deal with their daily tasks and participate, so it is not surprising that functional outcomes also improved, along with cognitive increases.  The patients who have lesser initial impairments and more adherence to therapy had comparatively better recovery curves, and those with more notable deficits had comparatively better targeted gains, particularly when compensatory strategies were prioritized.  The results support the treatment effectiveness of the individualized, multi-dimensional cognitive rehabilitation after stroke, the importance of neuropsychological profiling in supporting treatment plans, monitoring improvement, and improving reintegration into functioning.